The Kommando Spezialkräfte (KSK) (English: Special Operations Forces) is the special forces command of the German Army (Heer). Formed in 1996, it is a brigade-level unit responsible for covert operations, counterterrorism, hostage rescue, direct action, high-value target missions, irregular warfare, ISTAR, rapid response in military emergencies, and other special operations.
The KSK is based at the Graf Zeppelin Barracks in Calw, Baden-Württemberg, and is subordinated to the Rapid Forces Division (Division Schnelle Kräfte, DSK). The Special Air Service (SAS), the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM), and the German Federal Police's GSG 9 (Grenzschutzgruppe 9) of the former Federal Border Guard (Bundesgrenzschutz, BGS) served as models for the formation of the KSK.
The unit has received decorations and awards from NATO, the United States, and allied forces. KSK personnel have participated in joint counterterrorism operations, notably in the Balkans and the Middle East.
